Buran-Energia

In 1872 the Tsar Alexander II decided to build a museum of applied sciences in Moscow. It was made by members of the Imperial Society of Natural Sciences, anthropologists, ethnographists, and also by professors. The construction of this museum was to make an exhibition of all russian sciences and technologies for the 200th anniversary of Peter the Great.

The works began in 1877 in the russian style of the 19th century, the first public admissions took place in 1907. Since then the museum has begun an important centre for scientific and social life in Russia. The mains inventions were showed first to the Russians in this building like the Yablochkov’s lamp, Bell and Golubitskii’s telephone and Edisson’s phonograph.

By presidential decree of December 1991 the Polytechnical museum was declared valued cultural asset of the country.

Meteorological rocket (1950):

Some medical products and food for cosmonauts:

Test dummys:

It is made of materials similar to human tissues. It was used to study the cosmic radiation effects on human body in 1969 on board Zond 7, which was travelled around the Moon, then on board the Cosmos-368 satellite in 1970.

Sputnik-2 (launch on november 3, 1957) with Laika dog on board:

The VM-T Atlant carrying Buran to Baikonur (in reality Buran didn’t had its vertical stabilizer during the transport):

A corner of the room is dedicated to Ary Sternfeld (1905-1980), Soviet scientist which specialized in the study of space trajectories. He was the first to calculate the most economic trajectory to go from one orbit to another.

Mock-up of Buran-Energia:

Mock-up of the launch of a BOR-4:

Nose cone of a meteorological rocket (altitude up to 200km):

Rocket of Earth studying (1950-1960):

Mock-up of the R7:

Mock-up of a RD-107 of the R7 rocket:

Mock-up of a launch ramp of the M-31:

Mock-up of the prototype of the K.E. Tsiolkovsky’s rocket:

Mirror:

GIRD’s engines:

Some GIRD’s rockets:

Container of the study rocket R-2A:

Mock-up of the Vostok spacecraft and helmet of the SK-1 spacesuit:

Camera « Konvas » used on the Titov’s flight on board Vostok-2 (august 1961):

Vostok’s control pannel:

Soyouz-T’s control pannel:

Radio apparatus « Signal », used on the first Vostok spacecrafts (1960) up to Soyuz-40 (1981):

Suits, Pinguin, Sokol, and Yastreb:

Vacuum chamber (70′s), used on Salyut, it was used to diagnose bloodstream troubles on cosmonauts under weightlessness conditions:

Plasma engine Yantar-2 (1968) to study electrical caracteristics of gazs in the ionosphere at 100-400km high:

Orientation plasma engines (1971):

Some tools and intruments:

Docking system between the Soyuz and Apollo spacecrafts for the ASTP mission (1975):

Balloon of the interplanetary probe VEGA (Venus, 1984):

Mock-up of the Venera 1 probe(1961):

Mock-up of the Phobos probe, exploration of the Phobos satellite of Mars (1988):

Mock-up of the Martian probe Phobos-2 (1989):

Rocket engine 11D425, used for the probes Venera 9-16 and Mars 2-7 (1979):

Mock-up of a small Marsokhod for the exploration of Mars near the lander. But due to troubles with the Mars-3 and Mars-6 (1971-1973) the rover haven’t been deployed.

GRD and ERD engines (Glushko):

Lunakhod (1970):

Mock-up of the Luna-16 sample probe (september 12, 1970):

Mock-up of the probe Luna-9 (january 31, 1966):

Map of the Moon:

First probe to reach the liberation speed of the Earth, Luna-1 (january 2, 1959):

Mock-up of the Salyut space station:

Mock-up of MIR:

Some rescue tools for cosmonauts: